中药海马研究进展与中药现代化战略思考OA

Hippocampus,a valuable traditional marine Chinese medicinal herb in China,possesses therapeutic effects such as warming the kidney and tonifying yang,resolving masses,and reducing swelling.Studies have shown that Hippocampus contains various bioactive components including amino acids,peptides,steroids,fatty acids,and trace elements,and exhibits pharmacolog-ical activities such as sex hormone-like effects,antioxidant,anti-tumor,and anti-fatigue properties,thereby having wide applica-tions in clinical treatment and healthcare fields.Due to overfishing and ecological destruction,wild Hippocampus resources have been depleted.All species are listed in the National Key Protected Wildlife List and Appendix Ⅱ of Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES),with their commercial trade strictly restricted.Artificial cultivation has become the key to addressing the resource dilemma;however,most maturely cultivated species have not yet been included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.The Pharmacopoeia lacks sufficient standards for species identification and quality control of Hippocam-pus,leading to chaotic market origins and circulation of counterfeit products,which restricts the legitimate utilization of cultivated varieties.This review systematically summarized the current status of Hippocampus resources,their chemical components,pharma-cological effects,quality standards,and progress in product transformation,analyzed the potential and bottlenecks of non-Phar-macopoeia cultivated varieties,and proposed targeted development strategies to promote the sustainable utilization of Hippocam-pus resources and the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.