木质纤维素降解真菌及其相关酶研究进展OA

As the most abundant renewable biomass resource on earth,lignocellulose's efficient conversion is a key approach to addressing energy transition and the"carbon neutrality"goal.However,its inherently complex and dense natural structure poses a severe technical bottleneck due to its recalcitrance to degradation.This review summarized the research progress on the species of fungi involved in lignocellulose degradation and their related enzyme systems.It focused on analyzing the classification charac-teristics,degradation mechanisms,and extracellular enzyme system compositions of major degrading fungi,such as white-rot fungi,brown-rot fungi,and soft-rot fungi.The catalytic properties and synergistic mechanisms of lignin-degrading enzyme sys-tems(laccase,peroxidase,etc.),hemicellulases,and cellulases(endoglucanase,exoglucanase,β-glucosidase)were systemat-ically elaborated.The breakthrough role of the newly discovered lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase(LPMO)in improving cellu-lose degradation efficiency and its synergistic effect with glycoside hydrolases were specifically discussed.Finally,the applica-tion prospects and challenges of fungal enzyme systems in fields such as biomass energy and the papermaking industry were pros-pected,aiming to provide a theoretical reference for the efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic resources.