浙东北地区不同作物生境狼蛛群落多样性及环境驱动因素OACHSSCD

To understand the dynamic characteristics and environmental factors of wolf spider(Araneae:Lycosidae)communities in different crop habitats from the northeastern Zhejiang region with high humidity and temperature,we monthly surveyed,and multidimensionally analyzed the wolf spider communities in the rice field(RF),tea orchard(TO),vegetable garden(VG),kiwifruit orchard(KO)and grape orchard(GO)from Shaoxing between October,2022 and September,2023.The results are as follows:1)The wolf spiders from five farmlands in this region have rich species(eight genera and 16 species)and a large number(10279 individuals).Pardosa laura,Pardosa pseudoannulata and Wadicosa fidelis are the dominant species accounting for 68.44％of the total number of wolf spiders.The nine common species and four rare species account for 30.80％and 0.77％,respectively.The species compositions of wolf spider communities vary across different crop habitats.2)The community characteristic indices of wolf spiders vary across different crop habitats.The Shannon-Wiener index(H)of wolf spider community in RF is significantly higher than that in TO,VG or KO(P＜0.05).The H of wolf spider community in GO is significantly higher than that in KO(P＜0.05).The Pielou index(J)of wolf spider community in KO is significantly lower than that in RF,TO or GO(P＜0.05).The Simpson index(C)of the wolf spider community in RF is significantly higher than that in VG(P＜0.05).3)The community similarity of wolf spiders between RF and GO is high,and likewise for that between TO and VG.4)The major environment-driven factors are different for the wolf spider communities among five crop habitats.The minimum relative humidity(RHmin)and the average temperature(Tmean)significantly affect the wolf spider communities in RF(P＜0.05).The precipitation(Pv)and the soil organic matter content(OC)significantly influence the wolf spider communities in TO(P＜0.05).The mean relative humidity(RHmean),RHmin and Pv significantly affect the wolf spider communities in VG(P＜0.05);Impacts of the maximum temperature(Tmax),Tmean,RHmin and the soil pH(pH)on the wolf spider communities in KO are very significant(P＜0.01);RHmin and the minimum temperature(Tmin)significantly affect the wolf spider communities in GO(P＜0.05).5)Taking the five habitats as a whole,it is found that RHmin and Tmax are the major environment-driven factors for the wolf spider community,and combined with the monthly dynamic patterns of community diversities,the seasonal configuration of hydrothermal factors is considered as one of the core driving mechanisms.This paper reveals diversities and differences in degrees of the wolf spider communities between five crop habitats from the high humidity and temperature region of northeastern Zhejiang and the major environment-driven factors.Our findings can provide the key data for the conservation and effective management of wolf spiders and other important spider taxa in farmlands,as well as the development of pest biological control strategies.