小麦抗叶锈病基因研究进展与展望OA

Wheat(Triticum aestivum)leaf rust,caused by the airborne fungal pathogen Puccinia triticina,is a major threat to wheat production and global food security.Effective management of this disease requires the exploration of novel resistance sources,the cloning of resistance genes,the development of linked molecular markers,and the breeding of resistant cultivars through molecular breeding approaches.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in research on wheat resistance to leaf rust in China and worldwide.It covers the resistance levels of predominant Chinese wheat cultivars and currently nationally-approved varieties,the identification and cloning of resistance genes from common wheat and its wild relatives,as well as the application and distribution of major resistance genes in China.In addition,the review consolidates resistance gene resources that are effective against prevalent physiological races in the country.By synthesizing research progress in resistance identification,genetic analysis,gene mapping,and germplasm innovation,this work aims to provide a theoretical reference for breeding wheat varieties with broad-spectrum and durable resistance to leaf rust.