纤维基碳气凝胶的制备工艺研究进展OA

Carbon aerogels have attracted considerable attention due to their high specific surface area,ultra-high porosity,and low density.With advances in fiber materials research and nanotechnology,fiber-based carbon aerogels have demonstrated superior tensile strength,compressive resistance,and fatigue resistance compared to conventional carbon aerogels,broadening both the preparation routes and functional applications of this material family.This review classifies fiber-based carbon aerogels according to their preparation methods,and systematically summarizes the preparation principles,methods,and research progress of four categories:direct carbonization,sol-gel,electrospinning,and three-dimensional(3D)printing.The key factors influencing each preparation method and their roles in regulating the functional performance of the resulting materials are also analyzed.Finally,future development directions for fiber-based carbon aerogels are discussed.Guided by the concept of green research and development,this review proposes a research framework centered on process efficiency,product sustainability,and multidisciplinary functional integration.