保护与重建之间:从术语Rehabilitation看西方历史环境保护认知与本土转化OACHSSCD

The protection of historical environments,which must balance the inheritance of cultural values and modern use demands,is a core issue in the current fields of urban stock renewal and cultural heritage conservation.As a compromise approach balancing strict static conservation and demolition-redevelopment modes,the term"rehabilitation"in Western heritage conservation became a core shared concept in the field of international historical environment protection after World War II.However,its connotation origin,Sino-Western evolution context,and localization laws have not been systematically clarified in domestic academic circles.Besides,core connotation deviation is evident in many historical environmental renovation projects in China.This study systematically reviews the conceptual connotation,formation background,and dissemination process of rehabilitation in the Western context.It restores its localization process in the field of China's historical environment protection,clarifies its Sino-Western origin and localization transformation logic,and provides theoretical support for historical environmental protection in China. The study collates core European and American international charters,official norms,and academic literature,combining literature mining,participant interviews,terminology pedigree analysis,and historical context reviews.By combining associated academic works,normative texts,and conservation practices in China since the reform and opening up,it reproduces the complete route for the dissemination and transformation of the rehabilitation concept. The research results show the following.1)The core connotation of rehabilitation in the Western context can be reduced to three elements:retaining historical value,functional transformation,and adapting to modern living needs.In the heritage intervention pedigree,it lies between minimumintervention conservation and radical development,with distinct protectionism attributes and renewal adaptation functions.2)The ideological origin of this concept can be traced to Patrick Geddes'"conservative surgery"and Gustavo Giovannoni's"diradamento"theory in the early 20th century.Through local practice in the UK in the late 1950s and promotion in European countries in the 1960s and 1970s,an international consensus formed during the European Architectural Heritage Year in 1975.3)This concept has achieved connotation convergence and institutional integration with the local term"Zhengzhi(Renovation)"in China."Zhengzhi"has gone through three development stages:administrative term,connotation expansion,and terminology establishment.The localization transformation of the term was achieved through four paths:Sino-British official academic cooperation,university research and practice,Sino-Japanese international exchange and training,and establishment of a local theoretical system.The term was finally implemented by the Code of Conservation Planning for Historic Cities in 2005. This study clarifies the context for the Sino-Western evolution of the rehabilitation concept.It reveals the inherent law in the localization transformation of international heritage conservation concepts.The results provide a core theoretical reference and a practical path in historical environmental protection practice that avoids extreme tendencies and promotes sustainable activation and utilization.