周礼的图像化演绎:汉画像连鼓雷公图研究OACHSSCD

The"Linked-Drum Thunder God Image"in Han Dynasty pictorial art depicts scenes of the Thunder God holding drumsticks and striking linked drums arranged around him.The visual representation of this image is diverse,featuring the Thunder God in anthropomorphic,zoomorphic,and Fangxiangshi-like(方相氏)forms,with the number of drums varying depending on the specific scene and period.Through a combined analysis of iconography and textual sources,this study investigates the origin and evolution of such images,and finds that their formation was influenced by apocryphal and weft-text thought.Their early function derived from the Zhou Dynasty's drum-sacrifice rituals,and they were subsequently developed and innovated within the Han Dynasty pictorial system.In tomb astral diagrams,they represent"divine sacrifice"scenes,where eight drums are depicted;in She-sacrifice images,they appear as"She sacrifice"scenes with six drums;and in ancestral hall murals,they are seen as"ghost offering"scenes with four drums.By the late Eastern Han period,as the function of these images transformed,the Thunder God began to appear in caisson ceilings.His representation gradually took on characteristics of the Fangxiangshi(方相氏),and the number of linked drums stabilized at seven.Furthermore,the religious significance of the image shifted from sacrificial rites to exorcism,reflecting the changing meanings of images under the fusion of multiple beliefs during the Han Dynasty.