肉芽肿性乳腺炎诊疗方案研究新进展OACHSSCD

Granulomatous mastitis(GM)is a chronic inflammatory disease that poses significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment.Its close resemblance to breast cancer and high recurrence rate constitute major clinical dilemmas.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of GM.In terms of diagnosis,multimodal imaging techniques,such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging,combined with radiomics,have substantially improved the capability for preoperative differential diagnosis of GM.Nevertheless,pathological examination remains the core basis for definitive confirmation.Therapeutically,management strategies have become increasingly diversified,encompassing various therapeutic approaches,such as corticosteroids,immunosuppressive agents,minimally invasive surgery,and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).Notably,the integrated approach of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine has demonstrated unique potential in reducing recurrence rates and improving breast aesthetics.Although diagnostic and therapeutic technologies continue to evolve,two issues—the unclear etiology of GM and the lack of standardized protocols—remain focal points for future research.