呼和浩特市中小学生注意缺陷多动障碍流行病学调查OA
An epidemiological survey of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among primary and secondary school students in Hohhot
目的 调查呼和浩特市中小学生注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)流行病学情况,从而为疾病诊疗提供临床依据.方法 采取整群随机抽样方式抽取呼和浩特市9 000名中小学生作为调查对象.采用一般资料调查问卷、中文版注意缺陷多动障碍SNAP-Ⅳ评定量表(SNAP-Ⅳ)调查.采用多因素Logistic回归分析评估中小学生ADHD发生的相关因素.结果 本研究9 000名中小学生最终确诊ADHD共325例,ADHD发生率为3.61％,其中注意缺陷型占43.69％、多动-冲动型占 23.08％、混合型占33.23％.单因素分析显示:性别、年龄、父母文化程度、家庭月收入、母亲孕期是否患病、母亲孕期是否吸烟、宫内发育迟缓、早产、与父母关系、学习困难、父母有无精神障碍、父母情绪是否稳定、与同学关系、父母对目前问题的态度、是否晨起困难均是影响呼和浩特市中小学生ADHD发生的因素(P＜0.01).多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男性(OR=2.423,95％CI:1.593,3.686)、年龄＜10岁(OR=1.900,95％CI:1.439,2.510)、父母文化程度高中及以下(OR=2.707,95％CI:1.715,4.275)、母亲孕期患病(OR=3.904,95％CI:2.077,7.338)、母亲孕期吸烟(OR=3.271,95％CI:1.875,5.707)、父母有精神障碍(OR=2.784,95％CI:1.733,4.474)、父母情绪不稳定(OR=2.190,95％CI:1.626,2.950)、晨起困难(OR=3.804,95％CI:2.068,6.998)均是影响中小学生ADHD发生的因素(P＜0.01).结论 呼和浩特市中小学生ADHD发生率不高,但与多种因素相关.因此,仍需重点关注中小学生ADHD情况,可根据其影响因素制定针对性干预措施,降低儿童ADHD发生风险,从而最大程度地促进儿童健康成长.
Objective To investigate the epidemiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)in primary and secondary school students in Hohhot,and to provide clinical basis for diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods In total,9000 primary and secondary school students from 36 primary and secondary schools in Hohhot were randomly selected using cluster random sampling.General data questionnaire and Chinese version of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder SNAP-Ⅳ Rating Scale(SNAP-Ⅳ)were used to conduct a survey.The related factors of ADHD in primary and secondary school students were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression.Results In this study,a total of 325 patients with ADHD were finally diagnosed among 9,000 primary and secondary school students,with an ADHD incidence rate of 3.61％.Among these,the predominantly attention-deficit type accounted for 43.69％,the predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type accounted for 23.08％,and the combined type accounted for 33.23％.Univariate analysis showed that gender,age,parental education level,monthly household income,maternal illness during pregnancy,maternal smoking during pregnancy,intrauterine growth retardation,preterm birth,relationship with parents,learning difficulties,parental mental disorders,parental emotional stability,relationship with classmates,parental attitudes toward current problems,and difficulty waking up in the morning were all factors influencing the occurrence of ADHD among primary and secondary school students in Hohhot(P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male(OR=2.423,95％CI:1.593,3.686),age＜10 years(OR=1.900,95％CI:1.439,2.510),parental education level ofhigh school or below(OR=2.707,95％CI:1.715,4.275),maternal illness during pregnancy(OR=3.904,95％CI:2.077,7.338),maternal smoking during pregnancy(OR=3.271,95％CI:1.875,5.707),parental mental disorders(OR=2.784,95％CI:1.733,4.474),parental emotional instability(OR=2.190,95％CI:1.626,2.950),and difficulty waking up in the morning(OR=3.804,95％CI:2.068,6.998)were all factors influencing the occurrence of ADHD among primary and secondary school students(P＜0.01).Conclusion The incidence of ADHD in primary and secondary school students in Hohhot is not high,but it is related to many factors.Therefore,ADHD of primary and secondary school students still warrant attention,and we can formulate targeted intervention measures according to its influencing factors to reduce the risk of children's ADHD,and thus optimize the healthy development of children.
李天霞;付俊鲜;杨光路;苏秦;多红英;傅卓
内蒙古医科大学附属医院儿科,呼和浩特 010010内蒙古医科大学附属医院儿科,呼和浩特 010010内蒙古医科大学附属医院儿科,呼和浩特 010010内蒙古医科大学附属医院儿科,呼和浩特 010010内蒙古医科大学附属医院儿科,呼和浩特 010010内蒙古医科大学附属医院儿科,呼和浩特 010010
注意缺陷多动障碍儿童流行病学影响因素年龄精神障碍晨起困难
attention deficit hyperactivity disorderchildrenepidemiologyinfluencing factorsagemental disordersdifficulty waking up in the morning
《临床误诊误治》 2026 (8)
80-85,6
内蒙古自治区科技厅项目(2020GG0139)内蒙古医科大学面上项目(YKD2022MS071)
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