精神分裂症患者主要照顾者病耻感及影响因素结构方程模型的构建OA

Objective To investigate the stigma faced by primary caregivers of schizophrenia patients and its influencing factors,to construct a structural equation model to elucidate the mechanisms of these factors,and to provide a theoretical foundation for targeted interventions.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 215 primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia admitted in April 2025.Data were gathered using various questionnaires,including the Family Stigma Scale(FSS),Perceived Stress Scale(PSS),and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ).A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to characterize the current status of stigma faced by primary caregivers.Drawing on the theoretical frameworks of social support theory and the diathesis-stress theory,a structural equation model was constructed with stigma among primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia as the exogenous latent variable and the influencing factors as endogenous latent variables.From a psychological and cognitive perspective,the pathways and strength of the effects of the influencing factors were analyzed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying stigma among primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia.Results The total score of the main caregiver's stigma was(82.71±28.43)points.The structural equation model showed that social support was negatively correlated with stigma(total effect value-0.305),with a direct effect of-0.110.The total effect value of psychological resilience was-0.509,with a direct effect of-0.304,including both direct and indirect effects.Perceived stress and coping styles played a mediating role between social support and psychological resilience.Conclusion Stigma among primary caregivers of schizophrenia patients is affected by various factors,and stress coping styles directly contribute to its formation.Alleviating stigma requires comprehensive approaches,including enhancing social support,family functioning,mental health,and promoting positive stress-coping strategies,to reduce stigma and improve caregivers' psychological well-being.