非编码RNA在造血干细胞移植后GVHD中的多维调控与临床转化OA

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a key treatment for hematologic diseases,but graft-versus-host disease(GVHD)significantly impairs patient quality of life due to nonspecific symp-toms,lack of standardized diagnostic tools,and treatment resistance.This review systematically summarizes the regulatory mechanisms and translational potential of non-coding RNAs in GVHD.(1)Mechanistic in-sights:non-coding RNAs(including miRNAs,lncRNAs,circRNAs)drive GVHD progression by modulating immune cell activation(e.g.,T/B cell differentiation,macrophage polarization),cytokine storms(e.g.,inter-leukin-6,interferon-γ)and tissue fibrosis(e.g.,transforming growth factor-β/Smad signal pathway).(2)Clinical translation:non-coding RNAs serve as biomarkers(e.g.,miR-155,lncRNA NEAT1)for early diagno-sis;non-coding RNA-based interventions(e.g.,antagomirs targeting miRNAs,exosome-mediated delivery of therapeutic RNA)show therapeutic promise.(3)Current challenges:GVHD diagnosis remains subjective;first-line steroid treatments have high resistance rates;second-line therapies are limited;non-coding RNA re-search faces issues including lack of standardized detection,insufficient targeted delivery technologies,limited in vivo functional models and unclear long-term safety.Key future directions include:(1)large-scale validation of non-coding RNA diagnostic value;(2)development of organ-specific delivery systems(e.g.,liver-targeted nanoparticles);(3)integration of artificial intelligence and multi-omics to establish a comprehensive"mecha-nism-technology-clinical"research framework to advance precise GVHD diagnosis and treatment.