集合覆盖问题:算法与应用OA

The set covering problem,as a core foundational problem in combinatorial optimization,due to its NP-hard complexity,is widely applied in engineering fields such as wireless network base station deployment and logistics routing,and has significant practical application value.In recent years,research on algorithms for solving this problem has advanced continuously,primarily including heuristic algorithms,swarm intelligence optimization algorithms,evolu-tionary algorithms,machine learning,and application-specific algorithms.This paper systematically reviews the research sta-tus and algorithmic development of the set covering problem,focusing on aspects such as algorithm design principles,structural adaptability,and performance comparisons.It summarizes the advantages and limitations of various algorithms,categorizes their applicable scenarios,and discusses the development trends.Furthermore,the paper looks ahead to the re-search directions for the set covering problem in large-scale datasets,aiming to provide theoretical support and method-ological guidance for related research.