安庆市小环境改造工程灭螺效果评价OA

Objective The aim was to evaluate the effects of efforts directed toward controlling Oncomelania hupensis snails on small environmental modification projects in Anqing City to provide a reference for comprehensively controlling O.hupensis in hilly areas where schistosomiasis is endemic.Methods Field and retrospective surveys were conducted to collect data using questionnaires.The data from 35 questionnaires on small-scale environmental modification projects in Anqing City and the effects of snail obtained from monitoring forms were sorted.The data were descriptively analyzed using basic information on environmental modifications and investment costs.The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare snail status before and after environmental interventions.The Friedman test was applied to evaluate the changes in snail populations in the years after environmental intervention.Non-parametric independent sample tests were adopted to compare differences in the effects of different environmental interventions,environmental characteristics,and between project and control areas.Results A total of 35 environments altered from 2017 to 2023,including the creation of 29 ditches,1 dry land,and 5 pond-weirs.The main environmental interventions included hardening of ditches and pond-weirs as well as tilling with intercropping.The average investment costs of mortared rubble masonry hardening and tilling with intercropping were the highest(147.10 yuan/m2)and lowest(4.62 yuan/m2),respectively.The pre-intervention snail-infested area was 78 900 m2,which decreased to 18 100 m2,a decrease of 77.06%.After environmental intervention,the density and rate of living snails significantly decreased on frames with snails(P<0.001).In ditch environments,the smoothness of the ditch walls and the presence of snails in the upper reaches did not significantly decrease the living snail density;however,the presence of cracks on the inner side of the ditches significantly impacted the decline in the rate(P<0.001).No significant difference was found in the rates at which the living snail density or snail frame occurrence decreased among different environmental modification method.The effects of brick masonry,concrete,and mortared rubble masonry on snail control were significantly stronger than those of chemical snail control(P<0.01),whereas no significant difference was found in the decline in these two rates between project areas using other modification method and control areas using chemical snail control.Conclusions Schistosomiasis-prevention-oriented environmental interventions effectively eliminate snails from hilly snail-infested areas.Cost-effective modification method should be selected based on the environmental type,and post-modification monitoring and maintenance must be strengthened to further increase snail control effectiveness.