小胶质细胞极化及重编程在脑缺血再灌注损伤中的研究进展OA

Microglia(MG)is an important and inherently innate immune cell in brain tissue.It can play the roles of phagocytosis of pathogens,killing of target cells,antigen presentation,immunomodulation,anti-inflammatory repair,and promotion of neuronal survival,etc.Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI)is a severe cerebrovascular disease caused by vascular blood flow recanalization secondary to ischemic stroke.In the early stage of CIRI,over-activated M1-type MGs lead to injuries such as inflammatory storm and blood-brain barrier disruption,and in the later stage,M2-type polarization plays a crucial role in anti-inflammatory and functional repair of tissues.However,the interventional therapeutic mechanisms associated with MG and its reprogramming in CIRI have not been clarified.The aim of this paper is to review the potential therapeutic strategies of CIRI based on MG phenotypic regulation,i.e.,MG is involved in alleviating CIRI through phagocytosis and anti-inflammatory and repairing effects,and its anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidative stress,and pro-regenerative abilities are significantly enhanced by metabolic reprogramming and polarization to M2 phenotype,which improves the prognosis by removing cellular debris,inhibiting neuroinflammation,and promoting tissue remodeling,and provides a reference for the in-depth research on MG therapy for CIRI.