大气气溶胶对海洋生态系统影响的回顾与展望OA北大核心CSCDCSTPCD

Atmospheric aerosols serve as an essential bridge connecting terrestrial and marine ecosystems and play a pivotal role in global biogeochemical cycles.Their influences on marine ecosystems have received increasing scientific attention in recent decades.The major chemical components of aerosols include mineral nutrients,which are crucial for phytoplankton growth,but their bioavailability is strongly influenced by environmental conditions.Meanwhile,pollutants—such as black carbon,heavy metals,and persistent organic pollutants—constituting aero-sols can pose serious ecological risks to marine organisms.After transport and deposition into the ocean via dry and wet processes,aerosol-derived elements exhibit complex ecological effects that are modulated by oceanic condi-tions.The impacts of aerosols vary regionally,leading to spatial heterogeneity in plankton growth responses and trace metal accumulation.Across trophic levels,aerosol inputs exert dual biological effects:they may enhance the productivity of microorganisms,phytoplankton,and zooplankton or,under favorable conditions,trigger harmful algal blooms and cause toxic stress that disrupts physiological processes and food web stability.These cascading effects can extend to higher trophic levels,influencing fish populations and marine fishery resources.Despite growing evidence of such interactions,the mechanisms underlying aerosol impacts on marine fishery systems re-main poorly understood.Future research should integrate oceanic environmental parameters to elucidate multi-trophic response mechanisms,develop coupled biogeochemical-ecological models,and provide a scientific basis for marine ecosystem assessment and management.