广东黄羽肉种鸡传染性贫血病毒的流行病学调查与分析OA
Epidemiological investigation and analysis of infectious anemia virus in yellow-feathered broiler breeder chickens of Guangdong Province
[目的]了解目前广东黄羽肉种鸡群中鸡传染性贫血病毒(Chicken infectious anemia virus,CIAV)的流行特点,为 CIAV 区域化防控提供科学依据.[方法]于 2024 年 3 月至 2025 年 1 月从广东 6 个规模化黄羽肉种鸡场未免疫 CIAV 疫苗的父母代鸡群中随机采集血清样本 787 份,同时收集 3 周龄以下病死鸡肝、脾组织病料样本180 份.通过血清抗体检测、病毒分离及全基因组测序技术,解析当前广东黄羽肉种鸡群中 CIAV 流行情况及主要流行株的分子特征.[结果]血清抗体 ELISA 结果显示,6 个鸡场均存在不同程度的 CIAV 感染,抗体总阳性率为 50.8%(400/787),各鸡场 CIAV 抗体阳性率为 32.0%～77.8%,阳性率整体上随鸡群日龄增长而升高(<7 周龄:27.0%;46～57 周龄:89.6%);病料样本 PCR 结果显示,阳性率为 55.0%(99/180).利用 MDCC-MSB1 细胞从阳性病料样本中成功分离出 11 株 CIAV;全基因组序列分析结果显示,11 株 CIAV 基因组全长均为 2 298 bp,无碱基缺失和插入,各分离株间的核苷酸序列相似性为 97.6%～99.9%;经遗传进化分析,10 株属于基因型 IIIa,1 株(GD24QY8)属于基因型 IIIb,且均具有谷氨酰胺(394Q)的氨基酸残基,符合高致病性 CIAV 毒株的分子特征.[结论]广东黄羽肉种鸡群中普遍存在 CIAV 感染,流行株以具有高致病性毒株分子特征的基因型 IIIa 为主,研究结果揭示需进一步加强对CIAV的监测力度以及防控措施.
[Objective]To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of chicken infectious anemia virus(CIAV)in yellow-feathered broiler breeders in Guangdong,thereby providing a scientific basis for regional CIAV prevention and control strategies.[Method]From March 2024 to January 2025,a total of 787 serum samples and 180 tissue samples(liver and spleen)were collected from six large-scale,unvaccinated yellow-feathered broiler breeder farms in Guangdong.Serum samples were obtained from parent flocks,while tissue samples were collected from deceased chicks under three weeks of age.Serum antibody detection,virus isolation,and whole-genome sequencing were then employed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of CIAV in these flocks.[Result]Serum antibody ELISA result revealed varying degrees of CIAV infection across all six farms,with an overall antibody-positive rate of 50.8%(400/787).Farm-level positive rates ranged from 32.0%to 77.8%,and increased with age,rising from 27.0%in flocks younger than 7 weeks to 89.6%in those aged 46-57 weeks.PCR testing of tissue samples from diseased chicks yielded a positive rate of 55.0%(99/180).Using MDCC-MSB1 cells,11 CIAV strains were successfully isolated from the positive diseased samples.Whole-genome sequencing revealed that all 11 CIAV isolates had a genome length of 2 298 bp,with no base deletion or insertion.Nucleotide sequence similarity among the isolates ranged from 97.6%to 99.9%.Genetic evolution analysis classified 10 isolates as genotype IIIa and one isolate(GD24QY8)as genotype IIIb.All isolates possessed the glutamine(394Q)amino acid residue,a molecular characteristic associated with highly pathogenic CIAV strains.[Conclusion]CIAV infection is widespread in Guangdong's yellow-feathered broiler breeder population,with the predominant strains being genotype IIIa strains that possesses molecular characteristic of high pathogenicity strains.These findings underscore the need for enhanced surveillance and implementation of effective control measures against CIAV.
舒雪利;曹伟胜;周婉怡;陈钦玺;王红梅;张金玉;王伟彬;樊星;苏桐;廖明
华南农业大学 兽医学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 兽医学院,广东 广州 510642||人兽共患病防控制剂国家地方联合工程实验室,广东 广州 510642||广东省动物源性人兽共患病预防与控制重点实验室/农业农村部兽用疫苗创制重点实验室/农业农村部人兽共患病重点实验室,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 兽医学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 兽医学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 兽医学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 兽医学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 兽医学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 兽医学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 兽医学院,广东 广州 510642人兽共患病防控制剂国家地方联合工程实验室,广东 广州 510642
农业科技
鸡传染性贫血病毒黄羽肉种鸡流行病学调查病毒分离与鉴定全基因组序列分析
Chicken infectious anemia virusYellow-feathered broiler breeder chickenEpidemiological investigationVirus isolation and identificationWhole-genome sequence analysis
《华南农业大学学报》 2026 (3)
442-452,11
广东省现代农业产业技术体系(2023KJ128,2024CXTD20)国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-41)
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