基因组选择技术加速甘蔗遗传改良的应用路径OA

This paper aims to explore practical pathways for utilizing genomic selection to accelerate genetic gain in sugarcane breeding,assess the potential and limitations of this technology at its current stage of development,and provide practical references for sugarcane breeding programs.By analyzing the structural limitations of traditional sugarcane breeding systems,this study systematically reviews the fundamental principles of genomic selection and its research progress in sugarcane.Drawing on large-scale empirical data(e.g.training populations of over 4 000 clones in Australian breeding programs),the accuracy and cost-effectiveness of genomic prediction in parental selection and cultivar screening are evaluated.Practical strategies are proposed,including the construction of training populations,integration of phenotypic data,and implementation of recurrent genomic selection.Research indicates that genomic selection demonstrates significant potential in predicting and improving parental breeding values,particularly in accelerating the accumulation of additive genetic effects and shortening breeding generation intervals.However,under current technological conditions,its cost-effectiveness in commercial cultivar screening remains inferior to traditional phenotypic selection.Modeling non-additive genetic effects continues to pose challenges,with the size and quality of training populations being critical factors limiting prediction accuracy.Genomic selection presents important opportunities for sugarcane breeding,particularly in parental improvement,where it offers potential solutions to the long-standing problem of slow genetic progress.Key factors for successful future implementation include constructing high-quality training populations,establishing multidisciplinary collaborative teams,and ensuring technology adoption is led by breeding experts.