数实融合发展水平测度、区域差异及时空演变OACHSSCD

Utilizing panel data from 31 provinces in China spanning the period 2011 to 2023,this study constructs and measures the level of integration between the digital and real economies at the provincial level by employing the entropy method and the coupling coordination degree model.Through a combination of analytical methods—including the Dagum Gini coefficient decom-position,kernel density estimation,and spatial correlation tests—the regional disparities and spatiotemporal evolution patterns of digital-real economic integration across China are systematically examined.The key findings are as follows:(1)China has a-chieved significant progress in the integrated development of its digital and real economies,with an overall upward trend observed o-ver time.However,a clear gradient pattern exists among the four major regions:the eastern region leads in development,followed by the central region,while the northeastern and western regions lag successively.(2)Regional disparities constitute the primary driver of imbalanced development in digital-real economic integration nationwide,with the gap between the eastern and western re-gions being particularly pronounced.Intra-regional disparities also exhibit a distinct hierarchy—east＞west＞northeast＞central—in terms of variation magnitude.(3)Significant spatiotemporal evolution characteristics are evident.Over time,the national and re-gional kernel density curves have shifted rightward,indicating a continuous improvement in integration levels and a weakening of po-larization trends.The eastern and western regions display notable right-tail lags,whereas the central region is characterized by low-level convergence and left-tail lagging;the northeastern region shows relatively similar dynamics.Spatially,the integration level exhibits a significantly positive spatial agglomeration pattern,with high-value clusters concentrated in the eastern region and low-value clusters in the western region.The research results of this article can provide data support and policy references for promoting the construction of Digital China through the integration of the digital and real economies.