细胞焦亡参与牙龈卟啉单胞菌促进动脉粥样硬化发生发展的研究进展OA

Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis),a key periodontal pathogen,induces local inflammation and has been recently confirmed to affect the vascular system via bloodstream dissemination or inflammatory mediators,closely associating it with cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis.This article provides a systematic review of the mecha-nisms by which P.gingivalis promotes the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis through the pyroptosis pathway.It elucidates how P.gingivalis and its virulence factors activate pyroptosis signaling in vascular-related cells such as endo-thelial cells and smooth muscle cells,leading to the substantial production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including inter-leukin(IL)-1β and IL-18.This cascade exacerbates vascular inflammatory responses,promotes plaque formation,and in-duces instability.Innovatively centered on pyroptosis,which is a critical mechanism linking infection,inflammation,and programmed cell death,this review systematically con-solidates evidence on how P.gingivalis regulates pyrop-tosis pathways to aggravate atherosclerosis.It also re-veals novel pathways through which periodontal patho-gens influence systemic diseases at the molecular and cellular levels.Furthermore,the article discusses the po-tential value of intervention strategies targeting key steps of pyroptosis in the treatment of atherosclerosis associated with periodontitis.This review integrates recent advances in microbe-host interactions and cell death to elucidate the comorbi-dity mechanism linking periodontitis and cardiovascular disease,while providing a theoretical basis for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies against pyroptosis.