旱地冬小麦新品种"长7170"和"长6213"的选育及育种思考OA

To enhance the winter wheat production capacity of Shanxi Province and even the dry farming areas of northern Chi-na,and to accelerate the replacement and upgrading of winter wheat varieties,the Dryland Wheat Research Group of the Institute of Mil-let,Shanxi Agricultural University,developed a hybrid combination using the drought-resistant winter wheat variety Chang 6878 as the female parent and the water-saving,high-yield winter wheat variety Chang 4738 as the male parent,in response to multiple stresses faced by wheat production in Shanxi,including drought,freezing injury,and late spring coldness.By adopting a cross-shuttle breeding strategy between irrigated and rainfed conditions,together with expanded population selection and multi-location identification and eval-uation,two new winter wheat varieties with stress resistance and high yield,Chang 7170 and Chang 6213,were successfully bred.Chang 7170 participated in the regional variety experiment of the rainfed group in the central winter wheat region of Shanxi Province from 2017 to 2019,with an average equivalent yield of 4 486.5 kg/ha in 2 a across 12 sites(times),representing a 7.36%increase over the control va-riety Chang 6878.Chang 6213 participated in the regional variety experiment of the rainfed group in the central late-maturing winter wheat region of Shanxi Province from 2020 to 2022,with an average equivalent yield of 5 279.2 kg/ha in 2 a across12 sites(times),repre-senting a 9.48%increase over the control variety Chang 6878.Based on a detailed description of the breeding process,agronomic traits,quality parameters,and yield performance of the new varieties Chang 7170 and Chang 6213,breeding experience was summarized from the following aspects such as rational parental combination is the foundation for achieving breeding objectives,enlarging the selection population creates conditions for separating different types of materials,selecting materials with large phenotypic differences can reduce homogenization and improve selection efficiency,and optimization strategies for quality breeding.These findings provide new ideas,new methods,and useful examples for stress-resistant and high-yield breeding of winter wheat.