细胞外囊泡在新生儿疾病中的研究进展OA

Neonatal diseases are the leading causes of infant mortality and long-term health complications.Its high mortality rate poses a severe challenge to modern intensive care medicine.Extracellular vesicles,biologically active membrane-bound structures,mediate critical intercellular functions including signal transduction,antigen presentation,and immune responses.This positions EVs as a novel therapeutic avenue for neonatal diseases.Current research primarily focuses on characterizing the properties of EVs derived from diverse cellular origins and subtypes,alongside evaluating their therapeutic potential in preclinical disease models.Preclinical studies have demonstrated significant efficacy of EVs in treating neonatal conditions such as retinopathy of prematurity,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,and necrotizing enterocolitis,indicating their clinical feasibility in neonatal therapeutics.However,the clinical translation of EVs faces substantial challenges,including inherent heterogeneity and translational bottlenecks.Addressing these necessitates establishing standardized protocols,advancing clinical translation efforts,and exploring their diagnostic utility.