超声技术在子宫内膜癌诊断中的应用OA

Endometrial cancer(EC)is one of the most common malignant tumors of the female reproductive system.Its incidence and mortality rates are on the rise globally,surpassing those of cervical and ovarian cancers.In recent years,the epidemiological characteristics of EC have undergone significant changes.Traditionally,EC was considered to mainly occur in postmenopausal women,but current evidence indicates that due to multiple factors such as population aging,an increase in the obese population,and changes in reproductive patterns,the incidence of EC in premenopausal and young women is gradually increasing.The overall prognosis of EC is good,but the survival rate is closely related to the clinical stage:the 5-year survival rate for early-stage(confined to the uterine body)EC is 80%to 95%,and the effect of standardized surgical treatment is significant;for locally advanced-stage(involving the cervix or pelvis)EC,the 5-year survival rate drops to 50%to 70%,requiring comprehensive treatment and having a relatively poor prognosis;for advanced-stage(with distant metastasis)EC,the 5-year survival rate is less than 20%,with an extremely poor prognosis.Early detection and standardized intervention are key to improving the prognosis of EC patients.Ultrasound examination can assess the risk factors such as the depth of myometrial invasion,the extent of cervical involvement,and lymph node metastasis of EC,which is beneficial for preoperative estimation of the tumor resection range,as well as for the formulation of personalized treatment plans for postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy assessment and postoperative monitoring,thereby improving the prognosis of patients.This article comprehensively discusses the application of different ultrasound techniques in the diagnosis of EC.