灌溉对中国干旱半干旱区苜蓿产量影响的整合分析OA
Effects of irrigation on alfalfa yield in arid and semi-arid regions of China:A meta-analysis
[目的]定量分析灌溉对中国干旱半干旱区苜蓿产量的影响.[方法]分析 2000-2025 年公开发表且符合要求的不同灌溉处理苜蓿产量数据,采用统计分析、Meta-analysis 等方法探究苜蓿的年产量、不同茬次产量对田间灌溉管理的响应特征.[结果]苜蓿年产量随纬度(35°—46° N)的增加而下降,35°—39° N 纬度带的苜蓿年产量均值分别比 39°—43°N、43°—46° N 纬度带高 33.96%和 40.05%.此外,灌溉量为 2 500～5 000 m3/hm2 处理的苜蓿年产量均值最高(16 491 kg/hm2)、增产率为 58.90%(p＜0.05).苜蓿第 1、第 2、第 3茬的产量均随灌溉量(0～5 000 m3/hm2)增加呈增加趋势.相同灌溉量下,苜蓿各茬次的产量均随收割茬次增加呈下降趋势.不同灌溉方式下,滴灌苜蓿的年产量均值最高(15 425 kg/hm2)、增产率为 67.30%(p＜0.05).与漫灌和喷灌相比,滴灌苜蓿第 1、第 2、第 3茬的产量均最高,苜蓿各茬次产量均随收割茬次的增加呈下降趋势.[结论]为保障中国干旱半干旱区苜蓿高产稳产,建议35°—39°N、39°—43° N和43°—46° N纬度带适宜种植的苜蓿品种分别为MF4020、皇后、Adrenalin;35°—39° N、39°—43° N 纬度带苜蓿采用滴灌、最优灌溉量分别为 3 830 m3/hm2 和 2 152 m3/hm2,43°—46° N 纬度带滴灌苜蓿的产量稳定、最优灌溉量为 5 227 m3/hm2.本研究为中国干旱半干旱区苜蓿灌溉优化提供了理论指导.
[Background]Alfalfa is a key forage crop in the arid and semi-arid regions of China,where water availability is a major limiting factor for productivity.This paper aims to assess the effects of irrigation on alfalfa productivity in these regions.[Method]We analyzed publicly available alfalfa yield data under different irrigation treatments from 2000 to 2025 that met the inclusion criteria.Statistical and meta-analysis methods were used to explore the variations in annual yield and yields per cutting under different irrigation management practices.[Result]Annual alfalfa yield decreased with increasing latitude from 35° to 46° N.The mean annual yield of alfalfa in the 35°-39° N latitude zone was 33.96%and 40.05%higher than that in the 39o-43o N and 43o-46o N zones,respectively.For irrigation quotas in the range of 2 500 to 5 000 m3/hm2,the highest mean annual yield was 16 491 kg/hm2,and its average yield increase was by 58.90%(p＜0.05)compared to rainfed conditions.The yields of the first,second,and third cuttings increased as irrigation quota increased from 0 to 5 000 m3/hm2.When irrigation quota was the same,increasing cutting number reduced yield.Among all irrigation methods,drip irrigation resulted in the highest mean annual yield(15 425 kg/hm2)and an average yield increase of 67.30%(p＜0.05),compared to rainfed cultivation.Compared with flood and sprinkler irrigation,drip irrigation achieved the highest yield for all cuttings,although the yield decreased progressively with increasing cutting number.[Conclusion]Sustaining high alfalfa yields in arid and semi-arid regions of China requires selecting suitable varieties for different latitude zones.Drip irrigation is most effective for the 35°-39° N and 39°-43° N zones,with optimal irrigation amounts of 3 830 and 2 152 m3/hm2,respectively.In the 43°-46° N zone,drip irrigation with an optimal irrigation amount of 5 227 m3/hm2 can ensure stable yield.These findings provide optimal irrigation strategies for improving alfalfa productivity in water-limited regions of China.
任会朋;宁松瑞;颜安
西安理工大学 旱区水工程生态环境全国重点实验室,西安 710048西安理工大学 旱区水工程生态环境全国重点实验室,西安 710048新疆农业大学 草业学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
农业科技
苜蓿品种纬度灌溉方式产量收割茬次增产效应
alfalfa cultivarslatitudeirrigation methodyieldcutting cycleyield-increasing effect
《灌溉排水学报》 2026 (4)
9-20,12
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发专项(2024B03023-3)新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金重点项目(2025D01D17)中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(ZYYD2025QY07)国家自然科学基金项目(32160527)新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(2023A02002-2)
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