4种中草药原药及其药渣的营养价值、体外瘤胃发酵特性与古菌区系的对比分析OA

This experiment aimed to compare the nutritional value,rumen fermentation characteristics,and ar-chaeal communities of four raw Chinese medicinal herbs and their residues using the Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system(CNCPS)and in vitro rumen fermentation technology.A 2×4 factorial design was adopt-ed,with four Chinese medicinal herb species[Galla chinensis(GC),Lonicera japonica(LJ),Mentha hap-localyx(MH),and Platycodon grandiflorum(PG)]and two forms[raw herb(RH)and herbal residue(HR)],resulting in eight groups with ten replicates each.Conventional nutrient contents and CNCPS fractions were determined for each group,followed by in vitro rumen fermentation test.The results showed as follows:1)compared with RH,HR had significantly lower contents of non-structural carbohydrates(CNSC),rapidly degradable carbohydrates(CA),intermediately degradable carbohydrates(CB1)and intermediately degrad-able protein(PB2)(P＜0.05),while the contents of carbohydrates(CHO),slowly degradable carbohydrates(CB2),undegradable carbohydrates(CC)and undegradable protein(PC)were significantly higher(P＜0.05).Among the herb species,PG exhibited significantly higher CNSC and CA contents(P＜0.05),and sig-nificantly lower CB2,CC and PC contents(P＜0.05)compared to the other species.Furthermore,HR resulted in significantly lower dry matter degradability(DMD),neutral detergent fiber degradability(NDFD),ammo-nia nitrogen(NH3-N)concentration,total volatile fatty acids(TVFA)concentration and propionate propor-tion(P＜0.05),while significantly increasing the acetate proportion and the acetate to propionate ratio(P＜0.05).Compared to other species,PG showed significantly higher total gas production,methane(CH4)pro-duction and DMD(P＜0.05).Regarding the archaeal community,HR significantly increased the relative abun-dance of Methanobrevibacter(P＜0.05)and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Candidatus Methanomethylophilus(P＜0.05)compared to RH.Correlation analysis revealed that Methanobrevibacter rela-tive abundance was significantly positively correlated with CH4 production(P＜0.05)and significantly nega-tively correlated with NH3-N and luteoloside contents(P＜0.05).Candidatus Methanomethylophilus relative a-bundance was extremely significantly positively correlated with NH3-N and luteoloside contents(P＜0.01),and significantly negatively correlated with CH4 production,butyrate and gallic acid contents(P＜0.05).In conclusion,the nutritional value of Chinese medicinal herb residues is lower than that of the raw herbs,but CH4 production from residues shows no significant difference.Among the species tested,PG possesses the highest content of rumen-degradable fractions and the best nutritional value,although its potential for mitigating CH4 emission appears limited.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2026,38(4):3104-3121]