定量MRI技术在长跑人群下肢肌肉评估中的应用进展OA

Long-distance running,while enhancing cardiopulmonary fitness and promoting psychological well-being,frequently induces microtrauma and adaptive remodeling in the lower extremity musculature.Conventional imaging modalities exhibit limited sensitivity in evaluating early-stage muscle injury and microstructural alterations.In contrast,quantitative magnetic resonance imaging(qMRI)techniques,such as T2-mapping,diffusion tensor imaging(DTI),intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM)imaging,fat quantification methods,magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS),and chemical exchange saturation transfer(CEST),enable non-invasive and objective assessment of muscle status by quantifying specific biophysical and biochemical parameters.These advanced MRI approaches sensitively detect exercise-induced microstructural perturbations,delineate their spatiotemporal dynamics,and provide critical insights for injury prevention,individualized rehabilitation strategies,and evaluation of training efficacy.However,current research on the application of qMRI in assessing lower limb muscles in long-distance runners still has limitations such as small sample sizes,lack of long-term follow-up,and predominantly cross-sectional designs,resulting in insufficient understanding of spatiotemporal dynamic changes.Therefore,a systematic review is necessary to integrate existing evidence and identify research gaps.This article systematically reviews the current applications and advances of qMRI in characterizing post-exercise changes in lower limb muscles of long-distance runners,with a focus on muscle edema,microstructural integrity,perfusion status,intramuscular fat infiltration,and metabolic alterations,and analyzes the limitations in current research,proposes future research directions,in order to provide references for injury prevention in long-distance running,optimization of rehabilitation strategies,and research in sports medicine.