环青海湖地区牦牛和藏羊粪便夏季分解对土壤养分的影响OA
Effects of summer decomposition of yak and Xizang sheep dung on soil nutrients in the Peri-Qinghai Lake Region
牦牛和藏羊是青藏高原的主要放牧家畜,其粪便分解会对高寒草地生态系统产生直接影响,而目前关于两种粪便对土壤养分影响的作用机制和差异尚不清楚.本研究采用尼龙网袋法监测相同干重的新鲜牦牛和藏羊粪便的养分释放动态,并使用同心圆分层取样法研究粪便分解释放的养分在土壤垂直方向(粪下)和水平方向(粪周)的迁移特征和富集特征.结果表明:1)新鲜的牦牛和藏羊粪便中全碳、全氮、全磷含量分别为333.39和311.41g·kg-1,22.25和15.51g·kg-1,6.95和7.47g·kg-1.2)经过45d的自然分解后,牦牛和藏羊粪便的干物质、全碳、全氮、全磷含量分别损失了28.58％和 12.82％,23.68％和 17.85％,9.35％和 15.54％,22.45％和 30.21％.3)分解 45 d后,牦牛和藏羊粪便处理下土壤全碳含量达到峰值,藏羊粪便处理粪周土壤全磷含量略高于牦牛,而牦牛粪下与粪周的全氮含量高于藏羊粪便处理.4)分解45 d时,藏羊粪下全碳富集率显著高于牦牛粪便,但两种粪便粪下和粪周土壤全氮富集率无显著差异.综上,新鲜牦牛粪便中全碳、全氮含量高于藏羊粪便,且牦牛粪便分解更快、氮释放更强,藏羊粪便则更利于土壤碳的持续富集,两者均能促进磷的积累,且养分在垂直方向的迁移优于水平方向.
Yaks and Xizang sheep are the primary grazing livestock on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The decomposition of their dung exerts a direct effect on alpine grassland ecosystems,yet the mechanisms and differences in how these two types of dung affect soil nutrients remain poorly understood.In this study,the nylon mesh bag method was used to monitor nutrient release dynamics from fresh yak and Xizang sheep dung of equal dry weight.A concentric-circle stratified sampling approach was employed to investigate the migration and enrichment patterns of nutrients released from dung decomposition along the vertical(below-dung)and horizontal(around-dung)directions in the soil.The results indicated that:1)The total carbon(TC),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP)contents in fresh yak and Xizang sheep dung were 333.39 and 311.41 g·kg-1,22.25 and 15.51 g·kg-1,and 6.95 and 7.47 g·kg-1,respectively;2)After 45 days of natural decomposition,the losses in dry matter,TC,TN,and TP were 28.58％and 12.82％,23.68％and 17.85％,9.35％and 15.54％,and 22.45％and 30.21％for yak and Xizang sheep dung,respectively;3)On the 45th day of decomposition,the soil TC content reached its peak under both dung treatments.The TP content in the soil around Xizang sheep dung was slightly higher than that around yak dung,while the TN content beneath and around yak dung was higher than that in the Xizang sheep dung treatment;4)The enrichment rate for TC beneath Xizang sheep dung was significantly higher than that beneath yak dung after 45 days of decomposition,but no significant differences were detected in the TN enrichment rates between the two types of dung in either the below-dung or around-dung soil sampling.In summary,fresh yak dung contained higher TC and TN than Xizang sheep dung,decomposed more rapidly,and released nitrogen more strongly.In contrast,Xizang sheep dung facilitated more sustained soil carbon enrichment.Both types of dung promoted phosphorus accumulation,and nutrient migration was more pronounced in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction.
李梦棋;董全民;孙彩彩;吕卫东;许蔚;刘玉祯;刘文亭;杨晓霞
青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,青海西宁 810016青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,青海西宁 810016||三江源区高寒草地生态教育部重点实验室,青海西宁 810016青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,青海西宁 810016青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,青海西宁 810016青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,青海西宁 810016青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,青海西宁 810016||三江源区高寒草地生态教育部重点实验室,青海西宁 810016青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,青海西宁 810016||三江源区高寒草地生态教育部重点实验室,青海西宁 810016青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,青海西宁 810016||三江源区高寒草地生态教育部重点实验室,青海西宁 810016
高寒草地牦牛藏羊粪便分解土壤养分养分富集
alpine grasslandyakXizang sheepdung decompositionsoil nutrientsnutrient enrichment
《草业学报》 2026 (4)
42-53,12
环青海湖高寒草地土壤线虫和节肢动物群落多样性和土壤功能对放牧强度的响应机制(2025-ZJ-942M)资助.
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