阿尔茨海默病中西医结合治疗进展OA

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by gradual decline in cognition and daily functioning.Its pathological basis involves β-amyloid(Aβ)deposition,tau hyperphosphorylation,neuroinflammation,and synaptic dysfunction.This review summarizes recent advances in integrative Chinese and Western medicine for AD.In Western medicine,symptomatic pharmacotherapy remains the cornerstone,mainly included cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)receptor antagonists,while disease-modifying strategies targeting Aβ(such as anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies)are being actively explored.In addition,non-pharmacological interventions,including cognitive training,transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS),and comprehensive management of modifiable risk factors,are widely applied to slow functional decline and optimize long-term care.From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),AD is generally considered a condition with"root deficiency and branch excess,"with kidney essence deficiency as the root and phlegm turbidity and blood stasis as major contributing factors;common syndromes include kidney essence deficiency and phlegm obstruction of the orifices.TCM interventions such as herbal formulas and bioactive constituents may exert multi-target effects by modulating Aβ-related processes,reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses,and improving synaptic plasticity.Acupuncture has also been reported to benefit cognitive performance potentially through improving cerebral perfusion and regulating neural networks.Available clinical studies suggest that combining Chinese herbal medicine and/or acupuncture with standard Western therapy may improve cognitive scale scores,activities of daily living,and neuropsychiatric symptoms.Regarding outcome assessment,beyond conventional scales such as the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),integrating biomarker-based evaluation(e.g.,Aβ and tau-related biomarkers)with TCM syndrome differentiation may help refine stratification and monitoring of therapeutic response.Future research should prioritize high-quality clinical studies with standardized outcome measures and longer follow-up to strengthen evidence for integrative management strategies in AD.