Prokaryotic defense systems:Diversity and evolutionary adaptationOA
Bacteriophages and archaeal viruses are the most abundant biological entities on Earth.Through a long-standing co-evolutionary arms race,they have driven the emergence of a diverse repertoire of prokaryotic defense systems.This review summarizes these systems,highlighting their diverse antiviral mechanisms across distinct stages of viral infection,from surface barriers and inducible innate responses to specific adaptive defenses,and the intricate interplay between these defense strategies.By examining host-virus counter defense dynamics,the trade-off between survival benefit and adaptive cost,the co-evolution of RNA and protein components,and the comparison with eukaryotic immune systems,we underscore the intrinsic complexity and evolutionary plasticity of prokaryotic antiviral immunity.A deeper understanding of these processes and mechanisms will not only shed light on the origins and evolution of the immune system but also provide valuable opportunities for the development of biotechnological tools.
Changjialian Yang;Luyao Gong;Jing Guo;Hua Xiang
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity and Innovative Utilization,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity and Innovative Utilization,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity and Innovative Utilization,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity and Innovative Utilization,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Tianjin,China.
生物科学
ancestral immunitydefense systemsdiversityevolutionary adaptationprokaryotes
《mLife》 2026 (1)
P.3-16,14
supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32230061 to H.X.)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0810000 to H.X.).
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