痔组织的转录组特征及关键病理通路鉴定OA

Objective To analyze and compare the gene expression differences between hemorrhoid tissues and normal perianal tissues,and to explore the key molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and devel-opment of hemorrhoids.Methods Transcriptome sequencing was used to analyze the gene expression pro-files of hemorrhoid and normal perianal tissues,and differentially expressed genes were screened.Enrichment analysis of the functions of differentially expressed genes and related signaling pathways was performed using Gene Ontology(GO),Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA).Results Compared with normal perianal tissues,a total of 1621 genes were up-regulated and 1222 genes were down-regulated in hemorrhoid tissues.GO enrichment results showed that up-regulated genes were mainly involved in processes such as blood vessel development,blood vessel morphogen-esis,and cell migration,while down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in ribosome structure,protein trans-lation,and co-translational membrane targeting.KEGG analysis revealed that inflammatory and angiogenesis-related pathways including TNF,NF-κB,IL-17,and MAPK were significantly up-regulated.GSEA analysis further verified the characteristics of activated inflammatory signaling,enhanced angiogenesis,and extracellular matrix remodeling in hemorrhoid tissues,suggesting that the inflammation-angiogenesis network played a criti-cal role in the pathogenesis of hemorrhoids.Conclusion Hemorrhoid tissues exhibit significant activation of inflammatory signaling,remodeling of vascular structure and function,and abnormal regulation of cellular homeostasis.Sustained activation of inflammatory pathways and vascular remodeling may jointly drive the pathological progression of hemorrhoids.The results of this study provide a new basis for in-depth understand-ing of the molecular mechanisms of hemorrhoids and suggest that regulating inflammation and vascular abnor-malities may serve as potential strategies for the future treatment of hemorrhoids.