核膜蛋白Lamins和Emerin的癌种特异性表达及调控机制研究进展OA

The nuclear envelope is a key functional structure of the eukaryotic cell nucleus.Its core components,Lamins and Emerin,play important roles in cancer by dynamically regulating genome stability,signaling pathway interactions,and nucleo-cytoskeletal coupling.This review systematically summarized recent advances in the study of nuclear envelope proteins in lung,liver,colorectal,breast and prostate cancer with a focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which these proteins drive malignant phenotypes.Key recent findings are highlighted in three areas:① In genomic stability,lamin defects have been identified as a direct cause of nuclear envelope rupture and dysregulated DNA damage response;② In epigenetic reprogramming,Lamin B1 has been shown to recruit the EZH2 complex to catalyze H3K27me3 modification,leading to the silencing of tumor suppressor genes;③ In signaling network interactions,recent studies have revealed that the Notch-Wnt pathway enhances transcriptional activity via the HES1/TCF4 complex,while the PI3K/Akt pathway promotes β-catenin stabilization by inhibiting GSK3β phosphorylation.A deeper understanding of the dynamic regulatory mechanisms of nuclear envelope proteins may provide novel strategies for precision cancer therapy.Future research should integrate multi-omics data to systematically elucidate the conserved and cancer-type-specific aspects of nuclear envelope protein networks,and efforts should be directed toward developing Lamins isoform-specific inhibitors and combination therapies targeting the nuclear envelope-signaling axis,thereby improving the response rate to targeted therapy and patient survival outcomes.