鸽乳营养成分及其在雌雄种鸽间的差异研究进展OA

Pigeon milk is the only source of nutrition for young squabs during their early period of growth,directly determines their growth performance and survival rate.There are significant differences in the lactation timing,basic components of nutrition,immune-active substances,and expression of lactation-regulating gene between male and female breeding pigeons.The level of nutrition in the diet for breeding pigeon has a signifi-cant effect on the yield and quality of pigeon milk.This article systematically reviewed the nutritional character-istics of pigeon milk,the differences between male and female pigeons,and the effects of feed for breeding pi-geon on the nutrition of pigeon milk.Pigeon milk has a unique nutritional profile of high protein,high fat,and low carbohydrate,and rich in bioactive substances and beneficial microorganisms.There are significant gender differences in lactation timing,nutritional components,biological activity,and regulatory mechanisms between male and female pigeon milk.The level of nutrition and additives in diet for breeding pigeon can significantly affect the quality of pigeon milk,which is crucial to the growth and immunity of squabs.Studies in the future need to focus on four core areas including in-depth characterizing differences in male and female pigeon milk during the whole period of lactation,accurately analyzing the mechanism of regulating lactation at molecular level,optimizing schemes of supplying nutrition for breeding pigeons,and studying pathways for regulating bioactive components to assist in upgrading the formula of artificial pigeon milk and optimizing the large-scale technology of breeding pigeons.It will provide scientific support for the efficient and high-quality development of the industry of farming breeding pigeons.