脂质运载蛋白2在眼科疾病中的研究进展OA

Lipocalin 2(LCN2/Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin,NGAL)is a multifunctional secreted glycoprotein that plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of numerous ophthalmic diseases.It influences disease progression by regulating key mechanisms such as iron metabolism,inflammatory responses,and cell death pathways such as ferroptosis and apoptosis.Under normal physiological conditions,LCN2 is expressed at low levels in ocular tissues,including the corneal epithelium and retinal ganglion cell layer.However,its expression is significantly upregulated under pathological conditions.Its function of LCN2 is highly context-dependent,resulting in a dual role across different diseases.In some cases,LCN2 acts as a pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic pathogenic factor,as observed in glaucoma,retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury,and dry age-related macular degeneration.Conversely,it can exert anti-inflammatory and protective effects.For instance,it provides protective immunity against bacterial growth in bacterial keratitis and attenuates inflammation in endotoxin-induced uveitis models.This intricate multifunctionality highlights LCN2's complex and versatile involvement in ocular pathology.Given its significant concentration changes in ophthalmic conditions such as diabetic retinopathy,glaucoma,and age-related macular degeneration,LCN2 holds promise as a potential biomarker for disease diagnosis,staging,and prognostic evaluation.Furthermore,targeting LCN2 expression or its downstream pathways offers an opportunity for developing novel therapeutic strategies for ocular diseases.Future research is crucial to further elucidate its complex functional network,thereby facilitate the translation of this mechanistic understanding into precision diagnostics and therapeutics.