6G跨域通感智算融合物联网OA

Conventional Internet of things(IoT)systems are typically deployed in terrestrial or low-altitude domains with isolated functionalities such as communication and sensing.As global communication technologies evolve towards 6G,they increasingly struggle to meet the demands of emerging applications like Industry 5.0,comprehensive emergency re-sponse,and intelligent ocean exploration.These applications require both"ubiquitous coverage across space,air,ground,and sea"and"deep integration of communication,sensing,intelligence,and computing",promoting the emergence of the 6G cross-domain IoT as a pivotal paradigm.A systematic review of research progress and key technologies in this field was conducted to provide a systematic reference framework for both theoretical research and industrial implementation of 6G cross-domain IoT with unified communication,sensing,intelligence,and computing.Firstly,from a scenario dimension,the development landscape of IoT in four domains,including air-domain,sea-domain,and ground-domain was summa-rized,highlighting their heterogeneous characteristics and the need for cross-domain integration.Secondly,from a func-tional dimension,three integration paradigms,including integrated sensing and communication(ISAC),communication-intelligence convergence,and communication-computing coordination,were analyzed,and the necessity of synergistic in-teraction among communication,sensing,intelligence,and computing were emphasized.Then,a five-layer cross-domain integration architecture spanning hardware,physical,link,network,and application layers was established,and key per-formance metrics along with inherent trade-offs for global-scale scenarios were identified.Furthermore,the state of re-search on key enabling technologies was elaborated in detail,including channel measurement and pervasive modeling,cross-domain transmission and universal communication,advanced flexible multi-antenna techniques,energy efficiency optimization,and simultaneous wireless information and power transfer,channel map and digital twins,foundation model-empowered ISAC,intelligent computing with cloud-edge-end collaboration,as well as native security and privacy preser-vation.Finally,future technical challenges and suggest promising research directions were proposed,such as continuous-space radio channel measurement and modeling,electromagnetic information theory,AI foundation models for multi-source data fusion,and the development of cross-domain unified standards.