超声辅助提取西藏赤芝多糖工艺优化及其降糖活性研究OA

In Nyingchi region of Tibet autonomous region,the distinctive plateau ecological en-vironment has nurtured high-quality Ganoderma lucidum resources.As a product with na-tional geographical indication,Ganoderma lucidum from Nyingchi is rich in active substances such as polysaccharides and triterpenoids,which endow it with unique health-care effects.Polysaccharides,being one of the major active substances in Ganoderma lucidum,are faced with issues such as low efficiency and high energy consumption when extracted by the tradi-tional hot water extraction method.In contrast,physical-assisted techniques,like ultrasonic-assisted extraction,feature environmental friendliness,high efficiency,and mild reaction con-ditions,thus demonstrating remarkable advantages in the field of active ingredient extraction.This research utilized artificially cultivated Ganoderma lucidum in Nyingchi Region of Tibet Autonomous Region as the experimental material and employed ultrasonic-assisted extraction technology.The extraction rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides was set as the evalua-tion criterion.Single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiments were conducted to opti-mize the extraction conditions.Additionally,the inhibitory rates of the obtained polysaccha-rides on the activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase were explored.The optimal conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides were determined as follows:the solid-to-liquid ratio was 1∶10,the ultrasonic power was 200 W,the extraction temperature was 70 ℃,and the extraction time was 40 min.Under these conditions,the ex-traction rate of polysaccharides could reach 2.38％.Furthermore,the inhibitory rates of the crude extract of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on the activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase exhibited an obvious concentration-dependence.When the concentration of the crude polysaccharides was 1.0 mg/mL,the inhibitory rates on the activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase were 72.9％and 80.8％respectively.This fully indicates that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides possess excellent hypoglycemic activity.This study not only provides crucial technical support for the high-value utilization of Ganoderma lucidum resources in Tibet but also paves a new way for the research and development of natural hypoglycemic drugs.