黑水虻虫粪施用对番茄产量品质及土壤理化性质的影响OA
Effects of black soldier fly frass application on tomato yield,quality,and soil physicochemical properties
为了比较黑水虻虫粪与传统有机肥在番茄上的施用效果,并明确黑水虻虫粪氮替代化肥氮在番茄上施用的最优比例,本研究开展了黑水虻虫粪及腐熟鸡粪不同比例有机肥氮替代化肥氮施用对番茄产量品质及土壤理化性质的影响.大田试验的结果显示,20%～40%虫粪氮替代化肥氮能达到同等比例腐熟鸡粪氮替代化肥氮的产量,维持番茄的稳产增产,但50%虫粪氮替代化肥氮处理组相较于其他处理组减产了6.6%～10.7%.虫粪和腐熟鸡粪不同比例的施用均不同程度提高了番茄可溶性固形物、维生素 C 和硝酸盐含量,其中可溶性固形物含量提升幅度为 5.5%～10%,维生素 C 含量在 30%腐熟鸡粪和 40%腐熟鸡粪氮替代化肥氮处理组出现了显著提升,硝酸盐含量在 40%虫粪和 50%腐熟鸡粪氮替代化肥氮处理组出现了显著提升.腐熟鸡粪和虫粪的施用使土壤电导率、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量均出现了一定幅度的升高,提升幅度分别为 10.7%～50.0%、4.5%～19.8%、33.8%～70.7%、21.2%～62.0%、52.0%～98.1%、11.9%～40.5%.综上,20%～30%虫粪氮替代化肥氮能达到同等比例腐熟鸡粪氮替代化肥氮的产量,维持番茄的稳产增产,且能提高番茄品质和土壤质量.
To compare the effects of applying black soldier fly frass versus traditional organic fertilizer on tomatoes and determine the optimal substitution ratio of black soldier fly frass nitrogen for chemical fertilizer nitrogen,this study investigated the impacts of different substitution ratios of organic fertilizer nitrogen from black soldier fly frass and composted chicken manure for chemical fertilizer nitrogen on tomato yield,quality,and soil physicochemical properties.Field trial results showed that substituting 20%-40%of chemical fertilizer nitrogen with nitrogen from frass achieved yields comparable to those obtained with equivalent substitution ratios using composted chicken manure,maintaining stable and increased tomato production.However,the 50%frass nitrogen substitution for chemical fertilizer nitrogen treatment resulted in a yield reduction of 6.6%-10.7%,compared to other treatments.Applications of both frass and composted chicken manure at different ratios improved tomato soluble solids,vitamin C,and nitrate content to varying degrees.Soluble solids content increased by 5.5%-10%,vitamin C content showed significant improvement in the 30%composted chichen manure and 40%composted chichen manure treatment groups,and nitrate content increased significantly in the 40%frass and 50%composted chichen manure nitrogen substitution for chemical fertilizer nitrogen treatment groups.The application of composted chicken manure and frass led to moderate increases in soil electrical conductivity,organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium,with improvement ranges of 10.7%-50.0%,4.5%-19.8%,33.8%-70.7%,21.2%-61.9%,52.0%-98.1%,and 11.9%-40.5%,respectively.In conclusion,substituting 20%-30%of chemical fertilizer nitrogen with nitrogen from black soldier fly frass could achieve yields comparable to equivalent substitution ratios using composted chicken manure,maintain stable and increased tomato production,and improve both tomato quality and soil quality.
王莉;祁杰;杜静;孔祥平;王聪;朱飞;叶小梅
江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,农业农村部种养结合重点实验室,江苏 南京 210014江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,农业农村部种养结合重点实验室,江苏 南京 210014江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,农业农村部种养结合重点实验室,江苏 南京 210014江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,农业农村部种养结合重点实验室,江苏 南京 210014江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,农业农村部种养结合重点实验室,江苏 南京 210014江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,农业农村部种养结合重点实验室,江苏 南京 210014江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,农业农村部种养结合重点实验室,江苏 南京 210014
虫粪有机肥氮替代化肥氮番茄产量品质土壤理化性质
frassorganic fertelizer nitrogen substitution for chemical fertilizer nitrogentomatoyieldqualitysoil physicochemical properties
《中国土壤与肥料》 2026 (2)
125-131,7
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD17020034)江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(23)2006).
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