热胁迫下辣椒生理生化响应机制及分子机制研究进展OA

Pepper is an important vegetable and economic crop in China,and its growth and development are susceptible to high-temperature stress,often resulting in reduced yield and quality deterioration.This paper systematically reviews the research progress on the physiological mechanisms of pepper in response to high-temperature stress and the molecular mechanisms underlying its thermotolerance formation.At the physiological level,high-temperature stress inhibits seed germination and plant growth,disrupts photosynthetic and metabolic balance,induces cell membrane damage,reactive oxygen species accumulation,dynamic changes in osmoregulatory substances and endogenous hormones,and affects the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites such as capsaicin.At the molecular level,pepper constructs a multi-layered response network through heat signal perception and transduction,the expression of heat shock proteins(HSPs),and the coordinated regulation of transcription factors such as HSF,WRKY,AP2/ERF,bZIP and NAC.Transcriptomic and epigenomic studies further reveal its systematic regulatory characteristics.In terms of thermotolerance identification and improvement,a combination of morphological,physiological and molecular indicators,along with hybridization breeding and molecular marker-assisted selection,has led to the screening of a batch of heat-tolerant germplasm resources.Genomics and gene editing technologies provide new technical means for the precise improvement of heat-tolerant traits.The article also points out that current shortcomings in simulating field compound stress,inking physiological and molecular mechanisms,analyzing multi-gene networks and constructing genetic transformation systems.It suggests that future research should strengthen studies on multi-stress interactions,elucidate the molecular basis of key physiological phenotypes,integrate multi-omics data and construct regulatory networks,and promote the application of efficient genetic transformation and gene editing technologies to advance the theoretical understanding and breeding practices of heat tolerance in pepper.