集体林权制度改革助推生态产品价值实现的理论逻辑与实践路径OACHSSCD

⑴ Background——Under the strategic guidance of the"Two Mountains Theory"and the"Dual Carbon"goals,the function of collective forests in China has shifted from wood production to the provision of ecological products.Establishing a mechanism for realizing forest ecological products value is the key to the green transfor-mation and high-quality development of collective forest areas.Although the collective forest tenure reform in Chi-na has laid an institutional foundation for clarifying the ownership of forestland and stimulating commercial vitali-ty,the theoretical logic and specific paths by which this institutional reform promotes the realization of ecological product value have not yet been systematically expounded. ⑵ Methods——Based on a review of the evolution of collective forest tenure reform in China,this paper first constructed a theoretical framework grounded in ecosystem services theory and property rights economics the-ory,and analyzed the theoretical basis and paths for the realization of ecological product value.Secondly,through a combination of policy analysis and typicalcase studies,it explored the mechanism by which China's collective forest tenure reform promoted the realization of ecological product value and some typical practical experiences.Fi-nally,it examined the challenges encountered in this process and put forward some corresponding policy sugges-tions. ⑶ Results——First,the collective forest tenure reform in China synergistically promotes the transformation of ecological productvalue primarily through the following four approaches:clarifying property rightsownership,fa-cilitating the intensive transfer of forestland,introducing market transaction mechanisms,and implementing coor-dinated policy incentives.Second,the typical experiences of China's collective forest tenure reform in promoting the realization of ecological product value mainly include:the mechanism of"forestry carbon tickets"trading and market-based monetization in Fujian Province,the precise ecological compensation mechanism based on property rights anchoring in Jiangxi Province,and the conversionmodel of industrial integration and"beautiful economy"in Zhejiang Province.The practical cases in these regions have confirmed the effectiveness of these approaches.Third,in the process of promoting the realization of ecological product value through the collective forest tenure reform in China,some problems still exist,mainly including the fragmentation of forestland property rights,the im-perfection of market mechanisms,and the lack of unified standards for value accounting. ⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——First,promote the appropriate scale operation of forestland through models such as"ecological banks",shareholding cooperation and the introduction of social capital,so as to a-chieve the intensive management of resources.Second,establish a unified national system for value accounting and monitoring standards,clarify the quantitative logic,integrate accounting results into performance appraisal and compensation mechanisms,break down regional barriers,and promote the effective connection between local eco-logical rights certificates and the national-level market.Third,improve the market transaction system by develo-ping diversified trading platforms and financial instruments.Fourth,strengthen the supply of legal systems and the coordination of cross-departmental policies to ensure the sustainability and fairness of the mechanism for realizing ecological product value.