间充质干细胞经Treg-ILC2轴治疗变应性鼻炎的研究进展OA

Allergic rhinitis(AR)is a chronic airway disorder predominantly driven by type 2 inflammation,in which T helper(Th)cells,innate lymphoid cells(ILCs),and their characteristic type 2 cytokines serve as the core pathogenic mechanisms.Recent evidence highlights that the immune imbalance between regulatory T cells(Tregs)and group 2 innate lymphoid cells(ILC2s),termed as the Treg-ILC2 axis,has been recognized as a critical regulatory hub in AR pathogenesis.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),characterized by potent immunomodulatory properties,can induce iTreg differentiation and suppress ILC2 hyperactivation through the secretion of soluble factors(e.g.,TGF-β,IL-10)and direct cell-to-cell contact mediated by the ICOS-ICOSL(inducible T-cell costimulator-inducible T-cell costimulator ligand)interaction.By reviewing the cross-talk mechanisms between Tregs and ILC2s,this article focuses on the research progress of MSCs in restoring immune homeostasis in AR via the Treg-ILC2 axis,aiming to provide theoretical foundations and novel insights for precise immune-targeted therapies for AR.