医护人员工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患预防行为的促进因素与阻碍因素:一项系统综述OA

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)represent a significant occupational health challenge among healthcare professionals globally,posing substantial threats to physical and mental well-being as well as work sustainability.Adopting preventive behaviors—including ergonomic postural adjustments,optimized work-rest scheduling,proper use of protective and assistive equipment,and regular physical activity—is essential for mitigating the risk of WMSDs.Guided by the social ecological model,the review synthesized current evidence on the determi-nants of WMSDs preventive behaviors across four levels:intrapersonal characteristics,work en-vironment conditions,interpersonal support,and policy/institutional factors.The findings suggest that higher educational attainment,favorable health-related behavioral patterns,optimized er-gonomic work environments,adoption of supportive collaborative systems,strong organizational support,as well as policy safeguards facilitate preventive behavior adoption.Conversely,limited prevention-related knowledge,low risk perception,insufficient physical activity,excessive work-load,lack of appropriate protective equipment,inadequate ergonomic training,a prevailing cul-ture of presenteeism,and inadequate policy implementation constitute significant barriers.Multi-dimensional intervention strategies targeting these determinants are warranted to enhance preventive behaviors,reduce the risk of WMSDs,and strengthen occupational health protection for healthcare professionals.