伴生质子束辐射水稻的诱变效应研究及粒型突变体筛选OA

This study aimed to develop efficient irradiation mutagenesis sources and investigate the radiobiological effects of associated proton beam irradiation on rice,thus providing new germplasm and technical support for rice breeding.Seeds of the rice restorer line Fuhui 838 were irradiated with an associated proton beam at varying doses.Biological effects in the M1 generation were analyzed,while mutation frequency and mutation spectrum were statistically evaluated in the M2 and M3 mutant populations.Subsequent efforts involved targeted screening for grain shape traits and molecular characterization of the genetic relationships between grain shape mutants and the wild type.The results demonstrated that associated proton beam irradiation induced significant biological effects in the M1 generation,with an optimal dose range of 125-190 Gy determined based on seedling establishment rate and seed setting rate.In the M2 generation,the overall phenotypic mutation frequency reached 2.87%.The broadest mutation spectrum(up to 7 types)was observed at 250 Gy,while the highest mutation frequency(3.18%)was recorded at 375 Gy.From the M3 generation,546 stable mutant lines were selected,of which 59.89%derived from doses between 250 and 375 Gy.By integrating data on M1 biological effects,the mutation frequency and spectrum of M2 and M3,the suitable dose range for associated proton beam irradiation in rice was determined to be 125-250 Gy.Subsequent phenotypic screening,coupled with molecular characterization using Simple Sequence Repeat(SSR)markers,confirmed 15 stable,heritable grain shape mutants exhibiting a wide range of phenotypic variations.These findings revealed the strong irradiation mutation effects of the associated proton beam on Fuhui 838,providing a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for applying associated proton beam irradiation in crop genetic improvement.