黄芩苷对伪狂犬病毒感染的大鼠睾丸及血睾屏障的影响OA

In order to investigate the effects of baicalin on testicular tissue and the blood-testis barrier(BTB)in rats infected with Pseudorabies virus(PRV),30 SPF-grade 7-week-old SD rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=6 per group),which were the Control group,PRV group,low-dose baicalin group(BAI-L,40 mg/kg),medium-dose baicalin group(BAI-M,80 mg/kg),and high-dose baicalin group(BAI-H,160 mg/kg).Rats in the Control and PRV groups were orally administered 2 mL of PBS daily for 14 consecutive days,while the BAI-L,BAI-M,and BAI-H groups received 2 mL of baicalin solution at doses of 40,80,and 160 mg/kg,respectively.On day 15,all groups except the Control group were intranasally inoculated with 60 μL of PRV-XD-F3 suspension,whereas the Control group received an equal volume of normal saline.Subsequently,the Control and PRV groups continued to receive 2 mL of PBS daily for three days,while the BAI groups were administered their respective doses of baicalin solution.On day 17,all rats were euthanized,and blood and testicular samples were collected.Testicular tissue damage was assessed by H.E.staining.Inflammatory cytokines,antioxidant indexes,and testicular activity-related enzymes in testicular tissue were measured using assay kits,and serum testosterone levels were quantified.Viral load in testicular tissue was determined by quantitative real-time PCR.Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression of BTB-associated proteins.The results showed that compared with the Control group,the PRV group exhibited a reduction in leydig cells,significantly enlarged intercellular spaces,and cavity formation.All BAI groups showed larger interstitial spaces than the Control group,but smaller spaces than the PRV group,with the BAI-H group demonstrating the most pronounced improvement.Compared with the Control group,the PRV group displayed significantly increased levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),malondialdehyde(MDA),and reactive oxygen species(ROS)concentration(P<0.05),along with significantly decreased levels of interleukin-10(IL-10),superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,testicular activity-related enzymes acid phosphatase(ACP),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PD),lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme X(LDH-X),and testosterone concentration(P<0.05).Compared with the PRV group,the mass concentrations of IL-1β and IL-6 in BAI-L and BAI-M groups significantly decreased(P<0.05)and that of IL-10 significantly increased(P<0.05).The mass concentrations of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α in BAI-H group significantly decreased(P<0.05)and that of IL-10 significantly increased(P<0.05).All baicalin-treated groups(BAI-L,BAI-M,and BAI-H)demonstrated significantly reduced MDA concentration and ROS concentration(P<0.05),and SOD activity significantly increased(P<0.05).Furthermore,these levels of ACP,G-6-PD,LDH-X,and testosterone in baicalin-treated groups(BAI-L,BAI-M,and BAI-H)significantly increased(P<0.05),along with a significant reduction in PRV copy number(P<0.05).The BAI-M group also exhibited a significant increase in ALP levels(P<0.05).Baicalin increased the expression of ZO-1,Claudin-11,Connexin-43,and N-Cadherin proteins in the blood-testis barrier following PRV infection.The results suggested that baicalin might effectively alleviate PRV-induced viral testicular damage by inhibiting viral replication,reducing inflammatory responses and oxidative stress,and repairing BTB integrity.