空天光学遥感技术在海洋领域的应用与展望OA

Aerospace-based optical remote sensing technology,characterized by its wide coverage,rapid response capability,and low monitoring cost,has overcome the limitations of traditional marine observation methods and support multi-dimensional,three-dimensional,and high-resolution monitoring of marine environments.However,existing studies have predominantly focused on isolated application scenarios and have not yet systematically integrated the multi-dimensional application potential of this technology in the marine domain.Based on this background,this paper systematically reviews the application progress of aerospace-based optical remote sensing technology in marine fisheries monitoring,maritime transportation management,marine renewable energy development,and marine ecological environment protection.Through a comparative analysis of domestic and international practices,the specific technological application gaps are identified.The results reveal that the application of this technology in China faces four major challenges:(1)limited capability in the independent development of high-spectral and high-spatial-resolution sensors;(2)low utilization efficiency of acquired marine remote sensing data;(3)insufficient integration of remote sensing outputs with multi-source heterogeneous datasets;(4)a lack of customized,scenario-driven service solutions tailored to specific application needs.In response to these challenges,this paper,grounded in practical application scenarios,proposes a set of targeted optimization pathways and clarifies the current priority areas for improving remote sensing technologies.Furthermore,it provides a solid theoretical basis and key technical guidance for building an integrated"air-space-ocean"remote sensing monitoring system.