纳米抗体在猪病诊断、治疗及疫苗研发中的应用研究进展OA

Porcine diseases severely restrict the development of the global swine industry and pose multiple threats to economic development,food safety,and public health.However,current traditional prevention and control technologies,including diagnostic techniques,therapeutic approaches,and vaccine prevention,still have significant limitations in terms of sensitivity,cost,broad-spectrum capability,tissue penetration,and the response to highly variable pathogens,which could not meet the demands of prevention and control.Nanobodies(Nbs),a novel class of genetically engineered antibodies derived from heavy-chain antibodies of camelids,present a promising solution for porcine disease control due to their unique advantages,including small molecular size,high stability,strong binding affinity,ease of large-scale production,and engineering modification.This review systematically discussed the structure and characteristics of nanobodies and comprehensively reviewed their application progress in diagnostic technologies,therapeutic strategies,and vaccine development for major porcine diseases,such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS),African swine fever(ASF),porcine epidemic diarrhea(PED),classical swine fever(CSF),and porcine circovirus disease(PCVD),aiming to provide new insights and theoretical foundations for the efficient prevention and control of porcine diseases.