破解民营经济的"内卷"困境:马克思主义政治经济学视域下的分析OACHSSCD

In the new era,while China's private economy has achieved remarkable and globally recognized accomplishments,it is increasingly beset by the"involution"dilemmas such as homogenized competition,excessive labor,and a lack of innovation.Grounded in Marxist political economy,"invo-lution"is not simply a case of market failure but a concentrated manifestation of the laws of capital movement under the conditions of the socialist mar-ket economy.Its generative logic is deeply rooted in three interrelated sources.The fundamental driving force lies in the inherent impulse of capital to pursue surplus value.The external coercive law of competition serves as its realization mechanism.Moreover,the law of the tendency of the rate of prof-it to decline acts as a systemic intensifying factor.This situation profoundly reflects the duality of capital during the primary stage of socialism.There-fore,to address this issue,it is necessary to go beyond the illusion of"spontaneous market restoration"and build a systematic governance system capa-ble of taming capital based on the basic economic system of socialism.Firstly,"bottom-line regulation"should be implemented to curb the negative effects of capital.Set"traffic lights"for capital by strengthening fair competition inspections and the protection of labor rights.Secondly,"develop-ment-oriented guidance"should be employed to give full play to the positive role of capital.By fostering new quality productive forces to reshape the in-centive mechanism,high-return incremental spaces can be opened up for capital.Thirdly,"directional guidance"is essential to ensure the fundamental direction of socialism.Through consolidating the dominant position of public ownership and persisting in the Party's comprehensive leadership,it can be ensured that capital contributes to Chinese-style modernization and the realization of common prosperity.