不同生态区辣椒种植土壤养分特征与营养品质的相关性研究OA

[Objective]The interaction effect of soil nutrients and meteorological conditions in different ecological areas on quality of pepper was investigated to provide a reference for regional cultivation and variety breeding of pepper.[Method]The soil pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium and other nutrient indexes of five main pepper producing areas(Guizhou,Yunnan,Henan,Shaanxi and Xinjiang)were determined by field experiments.7 nutrient quality indexes including capsanthin,capsaicin,amino acid,crude fat,dihydrocapsaicin,reducing sugar and crude fiber of 6 pepper varieties(Qianjiao 8,Zunla 9,Layan 101,Zhuojiao 52,Dafang wrinkled pepper and Jiaoyang 6)planted in 5 ecological areas were evaluated by the field experiments combined with meteorological data.The variation characteristics of soil nutrients in five ecological areas,differences in nutritional quality of pepper varieties and correlations between different nutrient indexes were analyzed.[Result]The organic matter(32.13-34.09 g/kg)and total nitrogen content(1.59-2.17 g/kg)in soils of Guizhou and Yunnan is significantly higher than those(organic matter＜17.19 g/kg and total nitrogen＜0.72 g/kg)in soils in of Hennan,Shaanxi and Xinjiang.The soil available potassium content in Guizhou was low(110.96 mg/kg)and soil total potassium content in Xinjiang was the highest(22.17 g/kg).The soil organic matter and nitrogen content in Henan and Shaanxi was deficient.The capsanthin content in Guizhou and Xinjiang was higher(82.7-91.9 µg/g)and the capsaicin content of Layan 101 in Henan reached 4.8 g/kg.The amino acid content in Southwest region reached more than 50.5μmol/g.The stepwise regression model showed that available phosphorus was the key driving factor of capsanthin and capsaicin(P＜0.05).The organic matter and total nitrogen were positively related to amino acids very significantly.The average relative humidity and precipitation had a significant impact on capsanthin,capsaicin,and dihydrocapsaicin content of pepper,but sunshine duration had a significant effect on reducing sugar,crude fat,and crude fiber content of pepper.[Conclusion]There are differences in response of different pepper varieties from different areas to soil fertility and meteorological conditions.Properly increasing soil organic matter,total nitrogen and total phosphorus content and the climatic conditions of high average relative humidity and sufficient precipitation during growth period of pepper are beneficial to formation of spicy quality in pepper.The scientific cultivation of pepper and breeding of high-quality pepper varieties should be conducted according to the characteristics of local soil nutrients.