要素禀赋结构、关联产业基础与产业比较优势OACHSSCD

The theory of new structural economics(NSE)emphasizes that"endowment structure determines industrial structure,"but this theory faces two key challenges in practical application:on the one hand,geographically adjacent regions often possess similar factor endowment structures,leading to severe industrial homogenization among regions,which restricts the differentiated development of regional economies;on the other hand,there are numerous types of industries that conform to the endowment structure within a single region,and how to identify and prioritize the development of industries with competitive advantages among many potential industries has become an urgent problem for regional industrial policies to solve.Based on these practical challenges,this paper extends and deepens the theoretical framework of new structural economics. Based on the theoretical foundation of NSE,this paper innovatively incorporates the related industrial base as a dimension of co-equal importance to the factor endowment structure within the analytical framework,to explore how the two synergistically act on the formation mechanism of industrial comparative advantage.First,this paper constructs an industry-level indicator of endowment structure matching degree to reflect the extent to which an industry utilizes the factor endowment structure,and simultaneously uses the product density metrics to quantify the support degree from the related industrial base,and conducts an empirical analysis using cross-country data.The research finds that an industry's full utilization of regional factor endowments significantly enhances its comparative advantage.Meanwhile,the related industrial base not only independently promotes industrial comparative advantage but also demonstrates a significant positive synergistic effect with the endowment structure matching degree.This implies that when an industry can both fully utilize the regional endowment structure and receive good support from its related industrial base,its comparative advantage will be maximized. Furthermore,this paper conducts an in-depth analysis from three heterogeneous dimensions:industrial capital intensity,technological level,and import dependence,and finds that as industries dynamically upgrade toward being capital-intensive,technologically sophisticated(high-tech level),and highly import-dependent,the difficulty of production technology gradually increases,and the importance of the synergistic effect between the factor endowment structure and the related industrial base on the formation of industrial comparative advantage becomes increasingly enhanced.This finding reveals the dynamic evolutionary pattern in the process of industrial upgrading:in the early stages of industrial development,comparative advantage relies principally on the utilization of factor endowment structures;while as industries continuously advance to higher stages,the supportive role of the related industrial base becomes increasingly important,and generates a stronger synergistic effect with the endowment structure.This provides a new perspective for understanding the conditions for strategic emerging industries and future industries to form comparative advantages. The marginal innovations of this paper are reflected in three aspects:First,it takes the degree of full utilization of regional endowment structures by industries as an important condition for generating comparative advantage,which expands NSE's core viewpoint of"endowment structure determines industrial structure".The research shows that merely possessing endowment structure advantages is not enough to automatically translate into industrial comparative advantage;the effective utilization of endowment structures in the industrial production process is the key.Second,by introducing the interaction between factor endowment structure and related industrial base,it transcends the explanatory framework of a single factor and constructs a more complete formation mechanism of industrial comparative advantage.The empirical results show that successful industrial upgrading requires not only a solid related industrial base but also ensuring that the direction of industrial upgrading remains consistent with the trend of endowment structure changes,and the mutual synergy of the two can significantly enhance industrial comparative advantage.Third,it enriches the theoretical viewpoint of"facilitating"industrial upgrading in new structural economics from a dynamic development perspective,pointing out that as the economy continuously advances to higher stages of development,it is necessary to dynamically adapt to the characteristics of industrial development and targetedly optimize the related industrial base,to ensure that new industries can successfully achieve comparative advantage.