考虑托运人运输路径选择的货运班列开行方案优化OA

As a critical component of railway freight transportation,the freight train operation plan directly influences the efficiency of transportation resource allocation and the level of service capacity.Current operation plans are predominantly supply-oriented,with limited consideration of shippers'path selection behavior,resulting in low resource allocation efficiency and insufficient market attractiveness of freight trains.To improve the adaptability of transport services and the operational efficiency,this study developed a joint optimization model for freight train operation plans and train diagram considering shippers'path selection behavior.Aiming to maximize the overall operational profit of the railway system,this study employed a nested Logit model to capture both the inertial and non-inertial preferences of shippers.Key operational elements,including train diagram,maintenance windows,loading capacity,and train formation,were incorporated as constraints into the nonlinear integer programming model.To solve the proposed model efficiently,a particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm embedded with CPLEX was designed.A case study on the Chengdu-Los Angeles demonstrates that,following the joint optimization of the operation plan and train diagram,the proportion of shippers selecting the rail transport path can reache 56.6%,yielding a total railway transport revenue of 301 608 RMB.If shippers'path selection behavior is not considered or the joint optimization with train diagram is neglected,the railway transportation time will be significantly extended,leading to a decrease in the proportion of shippers selecting the railway transport path by 42.0%and 45.7%,respectively.Further sensitivity analyses reveal that as the shippers'time utility coefficient increases from 0.01 to 1.0,the path selection proportion rises from 30.5%to 56.6%.Conversely,a ninefold increase in transshipment time results in a decrease of the path selection proportion from 56.6%to 19.1%.The research findings indicate that incorporating shippers'path selection behavior into freight train operation planning can effectively enhance both the market attractiveness and operational revenue of railway freight services.This approach can offer theoretical support and practical guidance for advancing transport structure adjustment and promoting the high-quality development of railway freight.