土壤微生物在草地退化过程中的变化和在恢复中的应用OA

Grasslands are among the largest terrestrial ecosystems in China,and their ecological functions and economic value cannot be ignored.However,owing to climate change and unreasonable human activities,a large area of grassland ecosystem in China has been degraded,severely affecting its productivity and ecological functions.This paper explored the current state of grassland degradation in China,its impact on soil microorganisms,and the crucial role of microorganisms in the restoration of degraded grasslands.Grassland degradation increased soil pH and significantly reduced soil density,moisture content,organic matter content,other physicochemical properties,and soil microbial diversity.It also changed the community structure of soil microorganisms and negatively affected the carbon and nitrogen cycling functions of microorganisms.In addition,degradation increased the abundance of plant pathogenic microorganisms in the soil,increasing the risk of plant diseases,which was not conducive to the restoration of degraded grassland,forming a vicious circle.Microorganisms play an important role in grassland restoration by promoting nutrient cycling,maintaining soil structure,participating in hydrological processes,and directly promoting plant growth.This study summarizes the main functional microbial groups involved in the restoration of degraded grasslands,such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,azotobacter,and rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria.It emphasizes the importance of strengthening microbial research on grassland ecosystem restoration technology to provide a scientific basis and technical support for the restoration and ecosystem management of degraded grasslands.