生物炭与枯草芽孢杆菌配施对植烟土壤微生物群落及烤烟产质量的影响OA
Effects of Biochar and Bacillus Subtilis Drenching on Microbial Community in Tobacco-Growing Soil and Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco
为了探究生物炭与枯草芽孢杆菌、植物免疫蛋白配施对烤烟产质量的影响,为其在烤烟生产中的应用提供参考,2024 年 3-8月在邵阳市新宁县高桥镇,以云烟 87 为供试材料,以当地常规处理(BCK)为对照,设置 2 个生物炭施用量(750、1 500 kg/hm2)和2 种灌根措施(枯草芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌+植物免疫蛋白)处理,比较分析不同处理的土壤有机质含量、pH、细菌真菌群落变化和烤烟产质量.结果表明:生物炭与灌根措施组合显著提高了土壤有机质含量,BT2 处理(750 kg/hm2 生物炭+枯草芽孢杆菌+植物免疫蛋白)的土壤真菌Chao1 指数显著高于对照和其他处理;生物炭与 2 种灌根措施组合应用可提高土壤优势菌丰度,移栽后 7 d,BT4 处理(1 500 kg/hm2生物炭+枯草芽孢杆菌粉剂+植物免疫蛋白)的子囊菌门(Ascomycota)相对丰度较对照高 5.27 个百分点;移栽后40 d,BT4 处理的变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度高于其他处理,同时较该处理移栽后 7d提高了 5.75 个百分点.在烤烟产量方面,BT2 处理较对照增产 9.55%,BT4 处理较对照增产 1.90%;烟叶质量以 BT2 与 BT3 处理(1 500 kg/hm2 生物炭+枯草芽孢杆菌粉剂)综合表现较优,BT4 处理烟叶的结构和油分高于对照与其他处理.综上所述,不同用量的生物炭、枯草芽孢杆菌和植物免疫蛋白组合应用可以显著提高土壤有机质含量,调节土壤微生物群落结构,进而促进烟株生长,提高烟叶产量与外观品质.
To investigate the effects of the combined application of biochar,Bacillus subtilis,and plant immune proteins on the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco,and to provide a reference for their application in tobacco production,a field experiment was conducted from March to August 2024 at Gaoqiao Town,Xinning County,Shaoyang City.Using the tobacco variety Yunyan 87 as the test material and the local conventional treatment(BCK)as the control,two biochar application rates(750 kg/hm2 and 1 500 kg/hm2)and two root irrigation treatments(Bacillus subtilis alone,and Bacillus subtilis combined with plant immune proteins)were set up.The changes in soil organic matter content,pH,bacterial and fungal communities,as well as the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco under different treatments,were compared and analyzed.The results indicated that the combination of biochar and root irrigation treatments significantly increased soil organic matter content.The soil fungal Chao1 index under the treatment combining 750 kg/hm2 biochar with Bacillus subtilis and plant immune proteins(BT2)was significantly higher than that of the control and other treatments.The combined application of biochar with the two root irrigation measures enhanced the abundance of dominant soil bacteria.At 7 days after transplanting,the relative abundance of Ascomycota under treatment BT4 was 5.27 percentage points higher than that of the control.At 40 days after transplanting,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria under treatment BT4 was higher than that under other treatments and had increased by 5.75 percentage points compared with that under the same treatment at 7 days after transplanting.In terms of flue-cured tobacco yield,treatment BT2 increased yield by 9.55%compared with the control,while treatment BT4 showed a 1.90%increase.Regarding tobacco leaf quality,treatments BT2 and BT3 exhibited the best comprehensive performance.The leaf structure and oil content of tobacco leaves under treatment BT4 were superior to those of the control and other treatments.In summary,the combined application of different rates of biochar,Bacillus subtilis,and plant immune proteins can significantly increase soil organic matter content,regulate the structure of the soil microbial community,and consequently promote the growth of tobacco plants,enhancing both the yield and appearance quality of tobacco leaves.
杨婷玉;朱伟;何祥春;张丽颖;李迪秦;郑华斌;肖和友
湖南农业大学农学院,湖南 长沙 410128湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司,湖南 邵阳 422000湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司,湖南 邵阳 422000湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司,湖南 邵阳 422000湖南农业大学农学院,湖南 长沙 410128湖南农业大学农学院,湖南 长沙 410128湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司,湖南 邵阳 422000
农业科技
烤烟生物炭枯草芽孢杆菌土壤微生物产质量
flue-cured tobaccobiocharbacillus subtilissoil microorganismsyield and quality
《作物研究》 2026 (1)
41-50,66,11
湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司科技项目(sy202404).
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