突发性耳聋患者肠道菌群与粪便代谢组学特征的关联研究OA

Objective To report the gut microbiota structure and fecal metabolomic characteristics in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)and their differences from healthy individuals,providing evidence for the role of the"gut-inner ear axis"in the pathogenesis of SSNHL.Methods This retrospective study enrolled 76 patients with SSNHL admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from December 2022 to November 2023 as the observation group,and 29 healthy volunteers during the same period as the control group.Fecal samples were collected and analyzed using 16S rDNA gene sequencing to assess microbial diversity and structural differences,combined with untargeted metabolomics(LC-MS)to screen differential metabolites,followed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis.Results The diversity of the gut microbial community in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Although the phylum-level composition dominated by Firmicutes showed no significant difference from the control group(P>0.05),genus-level analysis revealed specific changes:pro-inflammatory genera such as Streptococcus,Enterobacter,and Escherichia were enriched,whereas beneficial genera such as Bacteroides were reduced(P<0.05).Metabolomic analysis identified 2125 metabolites,with 86 significantly differential metabolites screened(28 enriched and 11 depleted in positive ion mode;28 enriched and 19 depleted in negative ion mode).These were mainly enriched in pathways such as phenylalanine/tyrosine/tryptophan biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism.Conclusions SSNHL patients exhibit gut dysbiosis and metabolic disturbances,which may synergistically contribute to disease progression through pathways such as oxidative stress and inflammatory activation.These findings provide a new perspective for early intervention in SSNHL based on gut microecology.